Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis, a contagious infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. Research in this area focuses on understanding the mechanisms of transmission, infection, and disease progression of M. tuberculosis, as well as developing new diagnostic tools, treatments, and vaccines to control and eliminate tuberculosis globally. Studies also explore drug resistance, immune responses, host-pathogen interactions, and biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of tuberculosis infections. The goal of research on Mycobacterium tuberculosis is to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies to reduce the burden of tuberculosis on public health.